:root {
  --paper: #f1eee5;
  --page: #dcd8ce;
  --ink: #181a16;
  --muted: #5d6255;
  --line: #c9c4b8;
  --accent: #68734d;
  --black: #10110e;
  --warm-white: #ece7dc;
}

* {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  background: var(--page);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
}

[hidden] {
  display: none !important;
}

a {
  color: inherit;
}

.skip-link {
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 20;
  top: 10px;
  left: 10px;
  padding: 8px 10px;
  transform: translateY(-170%);
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font: 12px/1.2 Arial, sans-serif;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  transform: none;
}

.site-shell {
  width: min(980px, calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 22px auto 0;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 24px;
  color: #3d4137;
  font: 700 10px/1.4 Arial, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.09em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.site-shell nav {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: flex-end;
  gap: 8px 20px;
}

.site-shell a {
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-shell a:hover,
.site-shell a:focus-visible {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

main {
  width: min(980px, calc(100% - 40px));
  margin: 14px auto 72px;
  padding: 0 72px 80px;
  background: var(--paper);
  box-shadow: 0 8px 34px rgb(0 0 0 / 7%);
}

.writing-mast {
  margin: 0 -72px;
  padding: 21px 72px;
  border-bottom: 4px solid #ccd1ae;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto auto;
  align-items: end;
  gap: 24px;
  background: var(--black);
  color: var(--warm-white);
}

.writing-register {
  color: #ccd1ae;
  font: 700 11px/1.35 "Courier New", ui-monospace, monospace;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
}

.writing-location {
  color: #d8d4ca;
  font: 10px/1.55 Arial, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-align: right;
}

.language-switch {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 7px;
  color: #d8d4ca;
  font: 700 10px/1 Arial, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
}

.language-switch button {
  min-width: 32px;
  padding: 4px 2px;
  border: 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid transparent;
  background: transparent;
  color: inherit;
  cursor: pointer;
  font: inherit;
}

.language-switch button[aria-pressed="true"] {
  border-color: #ccd1ae;
  color: #ccd1ae;
}

.essay-header,
.essay-body,
.essay-references,
.essay-footer {
  width: min(100%, 72ch);
  margin-right: auto;
  margin-left: auto;
}

.essay-header {
  padding: clamp(62px, 9vw, 104px) 0 54px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}

.essay-register {
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: 700 10px/1.4 "Courier New", ui-monospace, monospace;
  letter-spacing: 0.13em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}

.essay-header h1 {
  max-width: 14ch;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: clamp(3.2rem, 7.5vw, 6rem);
  font-weight: 400;
  letter-spacing: -0.055em;
  line-height: 0.91;
}

.essay-subtitle {
  max-width: 35ch;
  margin: 24px 0 0;
  color: #3b4035;
  font-size: clamp(1.22rem, 2.35vw, 1.75rem);
  line-height: 1.3;
}

.essay-byline,
.essay-publication {
  margin: 30px 0 0;
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 12px/1.65 "Courier New", ui-monospace, monospace;
  letter-spacing: 0.035em;
}

.essay-publication {
  margin-top: 3px;
}

.opening-proposition {
  margin: 50px 0 0;
  padding: 24px 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-size: clamp(1.22rem, 2.25vw, 1.65rem);
  font-style: italic;
  line-height: 1.5;
}

.essay-body {
  padding: 18px 0 64px;
}

.essay-body h2 {
  scroll-margin-top: 32px;
  margin: 66px 0 25px;
  padding-top: 13px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  font: 700 clamp(1.35rem, 2.5vw, 1.75rem)/1.35 Arial, sans-serif;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}

.essay-body p {
  margin: 0 0 1.35em;
  font-size: clamp(1.05rem, 1.5vw, 1.16rem);
  line-height: 1.82;
}

.essay-body blockquote {
  margin: 42px 0;
  padding: 22px 26px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--accent);
  background: #e8e4d8;
  color: #30372a;
  font-size: clamp(1.08rem, 1.7vw, 1.3rem);
  line-height: 1.65;
}

.note-ref {
  margin-left: 2px;
  color: var(--accent);
  font: 700 0.72em/1 "Courier New", ui-monospace, monospace;
  text-decoration: none;
  vertical-align: super;
}

.essay-figure {
  margin: 46px 0 58px;
}

.essay-figure img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 720px;
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
  background: #11120f;
}

.essay-figure figcaption {
  margin-top: 10px;
  padding-top: 8px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 11px/1.6 Arial, sans-serif;
}

.essay-references {
  padding: 46px 0 54px;
  border-top: 2px solid var(--ink);
}

.essay-references h2 {
  margin: 0 0 30px;
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 2.8vw, 2rem);
  font-weight: 400;
}

.essay-references ol {
  margin: 0;
  padding-left: 25px;
}

.essay-references li {
  margin: 0 0 18px;
  padding-left: 7px;
  color: #484d42;
  font: 13px/1.67 Arial, sans-serif;
}

.essay-references a,
.essay-footer a {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 4px;
}

.essay-footer {
  padding: 46px 0 8px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--line);
  color: var(--muted);
  font: 12px/1.65 "Courier New", ui-monospace, monospace;
  letter-spacing: 0.025em;
}

.essay-footer p {
  margin: 0 0 7px;
}

.essay-footer-project {
  max-width: 56ch;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 700;
}

.essay-footer nav {
  margin-top: 28px;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 16px 28px;
}

a:focus-visible,
button:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 4px;
}

@media (max-width: 700px) {
  body {
    background: var(--paper);
  }

  .site-shell {
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 14px 20px;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: 8px;
  }

  .site-shell nav {
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }

  main {
    width: 100%;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0 22px 58px;
    box-shadow: none;
  }

  .writing-mast {
    margin: 0 -22px;
    padding: 18px 22px;
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
    align-items: start;
    gap: 12px 18px;
  }

  .writing-register {
    grid-column: 1 / -1;
  }

  .writing-location {
    text-align: left;
  }

  .essay-header {
    padding-top: 58px;
  }

  .essay-header h1 {
    max-width: 100%;
    font-size: clamp(2.75rem, 15vw, 4.2rem);
    overflow-wrap: break-word;
  }

  html[lang="zh-CN"] .essay-header h1 {
    line-height: 1.05;
  }

  .essay-body h2 {
    margin-top: 56px;
  }

  .essay-body p {
    font-size: 1.04rem;
    line-height: 1.78;
  }

  .essay-body blockquote {
    margin-right: -4px;
    margin-left: -4px;
    padding: 19px 20px;
  }

  .essay-figure {
    margin-right: -22px;
    margin-left: -22px;
  }

  .essay-figure figcaption {
    margin-right: 22px;
    margin-left: 22px;
  }

  .essay-footer nav {
    flex-direction: column;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 380px) {
  .writing-mast {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .essay-header h1 {
    font-size: 2.65rem;
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html {
    scroll-behavior: auto;
  }
}